CATTI真题 | 2025年6月笔译一/二/三级真题回忆

三级笔译真题回忆

英译汉

话题：旅游公司PEST分析

Before entering a new market, doing a PEST (political, economic, social and technological) analysis is important for tourist firms to know the macro-environmental factors of the market. Businesses should carefully analyse these issues before considering their expansion in a different country through foreign direct investment.The political analysis relates to how governments influence the companies’ strategy and operations. The political environment encompasses laws, government agencies and pressure groups which could have an effect on tourist organizations and entrepreneurs. Such factors include; national policies on financial matters, including; foreign debt, and the rates of inflation, and recession; policies and regulatory legislation on reciprocal trade and foreign investment; travel restrictions; the government’s tourism policies; and ecological considerations, among other issues.Political, legal and regulatory issues can affect the viability of tourist firms. Therefore, any prospective changes in the government’s priorities e.g., public spending or a change in government, can lead to the opening-up or the closing of markets. Business activity tends to grow and thrive when a nation is politically stable. National governments and their legal systems could facilitate or hinder businesses in many areas. Therefore, any political changes are closely related to legal and economic matters, for example, employment laws, minimum wage laws, health and safety laws, environmental protection laws, consumer protection laws, tax laws, etc.Many nations are increasingly encouraging free trade by inviting firms to invest in their country, whilst allowing their domestic firms to engage in overseas business. These nations may decide not to impose conditions on imports, or not discriminate against foreign-based firms. But there are also governments who may oppose free trade. The most common form of trade restrictions is the tariff. Tariffs or levies are usually established to protect domestic manufacturers against competitors by raising the prices of imported goods.An economic analysis will involve an examination of the foreign countries’ monetary, fiscal and economic policies. The factors affecting consumer purchasing and spending patterns include wealth per capita, discretionary income, industrial development, currency restrictions, balance of payments, imports / exports licenses , and fluctuations in interest and foreign exchange rates. The exchange rate of a country’s currency represents its value in relation to that of another country’s currency. Currency rates fluctuate on a daily basis, thus creating high risks for many industries, including the travel and hospitality sectors.A social analysis delves into societal behaviours, customs, values, norms, lifestyles and preferences. Demographic factors, including the age structure of the population, may also change over time. Moreover, social issues could also comprise the cultural environment, which is influenced by the individual population size, race, religious beliefs, gender, family, education, occupation, the individual’s position in the social strata, etc. Institutions could influence society’s basic values, perceptions and preferences. Climate and seasonal variations could also affect consumer behaviours, and their travelling propensity.Of course, there may be other factors that could affect the consumers’ inclination to travel, including credit facilities and attitudes, competition from other spending behaviours, etc. Social issues may also relate to distances to be travelled, urban versus rural lifestyles and attitudes to travel, emigration, school vacation periods, perceptions on international travel, etc.A technological analysis is required as marketers need to keep themselves up-to-date with the latest innovations in the tourism industry. Like any other business, the tourist firms, including airlines, are affected by new technologies, which could create new products and market opportunities.

汉译英

话题：生物多样性

2021 年 10 月 11日，联合国《生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会(COP15)在春城昆明拉开帷幕。大会总结了国际社会在生物多样性保护方面取得的经验，勾画出未来十年全球生物多样性治理的蓝图。

保护生物多样性不仅对于自然环境意义重大，对于现代社会和人类生存也极为重要。国际社会期待着大会为全球生物多样性创造更雄心勃勃的目标，助推国际社会开展更多合作。中国一直是全球生物多样性议程的强有力支持者和贡献者。中国是最早加入《生物多样性公约》的国家之一。中国也是公约核心预算的最大捐助国之一。中国提出主办COP15，清楚地表明了中国在生物多样性保护方面将发挥重要的作用。

2021 年 10 月 8 日，在 COP15 召开前夕，中国国务院新闻办公室发布

二级笔译真题回忆
英译汉

第一篇

Every October sees the award of the "scientific Oscars": Nobel prizes. The science prizes established in Alfred Nobel's will are for physics, chemistry and "physiology or medicine". These three subjects are interpreted broadly, and their purview has shifted over time. But the prizes nonetheless still exclude huge tracts of science. Famously, mathematics has never been included. The environmental sciences —oceans and ecology—aren't covered, nor are computer science, robotics and artificial intelligence. These exclusions distort the public perception of which sciences are important.

Outsiders might guess that in science, the choice of winners in each field should be as clearcut as in sporting contests, unlike the obviously more subjective prizes for literature and peace. But that's not the reality. In the same years the awards trigger controversy and resentment. Since Nobel scientists generally aren't wellknown personalities, and their achievements are often arcane, debate on their worthiness takes place within the specialist community, and only rarely percolates widely. What the public sees is simply the grandeur of the award announcements each year.

Also, the process of awarding the prizes has limitations that clash with the realities of scientific research. It's easy to agree on what scientific advances are important, but it's not so easy to apportion credit. An artist's creations are ephemeral but generally "individual”. If they hadn't created a particular artwork, nobody else would have done so. But in many cases in science, if one researcher didn't make a specific advance, then sooner or later (and usually sooner) another researcher would have.

The public perceives Nobel winners as "towering intellects." Some are, but others, even among those who have made undeniably epochal and "prizeworthy" advances, would not be so rated by their peers. Indeed, some of the most important discoveries have been serendipitous: for instance, neutron stars, and the cosmic microwave background —the socalled "afterglow of creation”. Louis Pasteur argued that "fortune favors the prepared mind"; these scientists may claim for themselves greater luck—but not greater talent—than the average professor.

We need more and better ways of encouraging discovery and innovation. One possible route is "challenge prizes", which don't reward past success but incentivise future efforts to tackle an important problem. There have been prizes for suborbital space flight, driverless cars, robots that operate in hazardous environments and so forth. As compared with usual forms of funding, these prizes encourage maverick thinking, and they can also enhance public interest. Let's hope that some philanthropists will establish these, at least as a supplement to traditional prizes.

英译汉

第二篇

Anyone who has learned a second language will have made an exhilarating (and yet somehow unsettling) discovery: there is never a one to one correspondence in meaning between the words and phrases of one language and another. Even the most basic expressions have a slightly different sense, issuing from a network of attitudes and ideas unique to each language. Switching between languages we may feel as if we are stepping from one world into another. Each language seems to compel us to talk in certain way and to see things from a particular perspective. But is this just an illusion? Does each language really embody a different world worldview, or even dictate specific patterns of thought to its speakers?

In the modern academic context, such questions are usually treated under the rubrics of "linguistic relativity" or the "Sapir Whorf hypothesis". Contemporary research is focused on pinning down these questions, or trying to formulate them in rigorous terms that can be tested empirically. But there is currently no consensus concerning connections between language, mind and worldview. The hypothesis has a long history, spanning several intellectual epochs, each with their own preoccupations. Running through this history is a recurring skepticism surrounding linguistic relativity, engendered not only by the difficulties of pinning it down, but by a deep seated ambivalence about the assumptions and implications of relativist doctrines.

There is quite a bit at stake in entertaining the possibility of relativistic doctrines. It impinges directly on our understanding of the nature of human language. A longheld assumption in Western philosophy, classically formulated in the work of Aristotle, maintains that words are mere labels we apply to existing ideas in order to share those ideas with others. But linguistic relativity makes language an active force in shaping our thoughts.

Furthermore, if we permit fundamental variation between languages and their presumably entangled worldviews, we are confronted with difficult questions about the constitution of our common humanity. Could it be that there are unbridgeable gulfs in thinking and perception between groups of people speaking different languages?

The roots of our present ideas about linguistic relativity extend at least as far back as the Enlightenment of the late 17th to the 18th century. Enlightenment discussions were often couched in terms of the "genius" of a language, an expression first coined in French. The genius of a language was understood as representing its distinct character, the Je ne Sais quoi that constitutes the idiomatic in each idiom. This unique character was frequently taken to embody something of the national mentality of the speakers of a language.

汉译英

第一篇：

以“共享开放机遇，共创美好生活”为主题的第四届中国国际消费品博览会(以下简称“消博会”)在海南举办，集聚 71个国家和地区超4000个消费品牌，为消费市场注入新活力。

消博会聚焦全球“新、奇、特”消费精品，有利于激发消费潜能、扩大国内需求,进一步满足消费者对美好生活的需求。同时,运用自贸港税收优惠、通关便利等政策,打造开放共享、深化合作的大平台。

消博会连续四年成功举办，将“买全球+卖全球”的桥梁越做越大，为中国以及世界经济增长注入新动能。消博会以及成为世界共享中国开放机遇、开展经贸国际合作的重要平台，进一步坚定各方对中国持续扩大高水平对外开放的信心。

汉译英

第二篇：

在全民环保意识日益提高、国家加快释放绿色节能消费潜力的当下,废旧家电回收利用再次受到关注。它既有助于绿色低碳循环发展,又事关家电更新消费和居民生活实际。

2024 年 3月，国务院印发《推动大规模设备更新和消费品以旧换新行动方案》,要求到2027年废旧家电回收量比2023年增长30%。为实现这一目标,需要提高全社会对废旧家电回收利用的知晓度、认同度和参与度.

不少居民并不了解废旧家电可带来能源损耗和污染危害，有必要开展宣传和教育活动,深化政策宣讲和行为引导,提高公众的节能环保意识,增强其回收主动性。

废旧家电回收利用,是推进“无废城市”建设的一个重要组成部分。拟从三方面着手。第一，加快完善废旧家电回收处理体系，建立绿色回收模式。第二，健全家电生产、销售和废旧家电回收、拆解、利用全产业链条。第三,搭建回收对接平台,促进生态保护和资源循环再利用。

一级笔译真题回忆

E

C

篇章 1

石

• 石油需求量仍在增加，不能切断外部资金支持

• 各国应当依据能力大小作出贡献

• 出处是 opec 秘书长 2023 年的演讲致辞
  

• E

  C 篇章 2
  

  法

  学院成立致辞

法

• 学生的 program（旁听法官，欢迎学生提意见）

• 法学生需要耐心做如翻译的基础工作

• 法学院培养学生的基础能力（辩论和口才）

• 法学院培养学生思辨能力，允许质疑权威，欢迎举证，打破 judge monopoly

• 法学院教授需要多学科背景
  

• C

  E 篇章 1
  

  杭

  州城市创新

杭

• 城市智能大脑系统对交通的影响（交通灯，居民生活等）

• 举例杭州良渚公园公园实时预约等功能

• 出处可能是政府白皮书，搜一下城市大脑和良渚公园景区预订有很多相关内容
  

• C

  E 篇章 2
  

  全

  球人工智能创新管理
  

  出

  处应该是：2023 中国全球人工智能治理倡议